Debugging MethodA procedure for finding a bug, rather than guessing at it.ComputingThe order matters — each step depends on the previous one holding.1Reproduce itReliably, on demand. An intermittent bug is a bug you cannot verifyyou fixed.2Reduce itStrip away everything that is not needed to trigger it.3Form one hypothesisState what you believe and what would disprove it.4Test that one thingChange a single variable. Two changes means an ambiguousresult.5Fix the causeThen add a test that fails without the fix.WHEN STUCKExplain it aloud to someone, or to a duckQuestion an assumption you have not checkedBisect: what changed since it worked?The bug is almost always in your code, in the last thing you changed,and it is almost always something you assumed.Debugging Methodlearnposters.com
Debugging Method — printable computing wall chart from LearnPosters. Free vector PDF, US Letter and A4.

Debugging Method, step by step

The order matters — each step depends on the previous one holding.

  1. Reproduce itReliably, on demand. An intermittent bug is a bug you cannot verify you fixed.
  2. Reduce itStrip away everything that is not needed to trigger it.
  3. Form one hypothesisState what you believe and what would disprove it.
  4. Test that one thingChange a single variable. Two changes means an ambiguous result.
  5. Fix the causeThen add a test that fails without the fix.

When stuck

  • Explain it aloud to someone, or to a duck
  • Question an assumption you have not checked
  • Bisect: what changed since it worked?

The bug is almost always in your code, in the last thing you changed, and it is almost always something you assumed.

Questions about the Debugging Method poster

What’s on the Debugging Method poster?
5 numbered steps, with a full worked run-through. The order matters — each step depends on the previous one holding. Reproduce it — Reliably, on demand. An intermittent bug is a bug you cannot verify yo…; Reduce it — Strip away everything that is not needed to trigger it.; Form one hypothesis — State what you believe and what would disprove it.; Test that one thing — Change a single variable. Two changes means an ambiguous result.; Fix the cause — Then add a test that fails without the fix.. The bug is almost always in your code, in the last thing you changed, and it is almost always something you assumed.
Who is the Debugging Method poster for?
Debugging Method belongs to the Computing section rather than to a school year, because computing is not something one grade owns. Anyone learning tools can pin it up — a beginner, a student mid-course, or someone revising years later.
When should you use the Debugging Method poster?
Reproduce it reliably first. Everything after that is fast; everything before it is luck. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so Debugging Method belongs on the wall where that computing work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
What other posters go with Debugging Method?
Code Review, Docker Basics and Writing a Dockerfile sit alongside Debugging Method in the Computing section. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.Code ReviewDocker BasicsWriting a Dockerfile
Is the Debugging Method poster free to download and print?
Yes. Debugging Method downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the Computing section. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
What size does the Debugging Method poster print at?
Debugging Method is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of Debugging Method loses nothing.Printing guide

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