Long Multiplication, step by step
You are doing two multiplications and adding them. The layout keeps track of which is which.
- MULTIPLY BY THE ONESTake the ones digit of the bottom number times the whole top number.
- WRITE A PLACEHOLDER ZEROOn the next line, put a 0 in the ones column. Do this before anything else.
- MULTIPLY BY THE TENSNow the tens digit times the whole top number, starting from that zero.
- ADD THE TWO LINESColumn addition, carrying as normal.
worked: 34 × 26
- 34 × 6 = 204
- 34 × 20 = 680 (the 0 first, then 34 × 2)
- 204 + 680 = 884
The zero is not decoration. It is there because you are multiplying by 20, not by 2.
Questions about the Long Multiplication poster
- What’s on the Long Multiplication poster?
- 4 numbered steps, with a full worked run-through. You are doing two multiplications and adding them. The layout keeps track of which is which. MULTIPLY BY THE ONES — Take the ones digit of the bottom number times the whole top n…; WRITE A PLACEHOLDER ZERO — On the next line, put a 0 in the ones column. Do this befo…; MULTIPLY BY THE TENS — Now the tens digit times the whole top number, starting from t…; ADD THE TWO LINES — Column addition, carrying as normal.. The zero is not decoration. It is there because you are multiplying by 20, not by 2.
- Who is the Long Multiplication poster for?
- Long Multiplication is filed under 4th Grade (ages 9–10), so it matches what that year asks a child to remember. It is equally useful to an older student revisiting math, and to the parent or teacher answering the question at the kitchen table.
- When should you use the Long Multiplication poster?
- The placeholder zero is where every mistake happens. Write it first, before multiplying. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so Long Multiplication belongs on the wall where that math work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
- What other posters go with Long Multiplication?
- Dividing by 10, Dividing by 11 and Dividing by 12 sit alongside Long Multiplication in the 4th Grade set. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.Dividing by 10Dividing by 11Dividing by 12
- Is the Long Multiplication poster free to download and print?
- Yes. Long Multiplication downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the 4th Grade set. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
- What size does the Long Multiplication poster print at?
- Long Multiplication is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of Long Multiplication loses nothing.Printing guide
Related posters
Charts that sit alongside Long Multiplication on the same wall.
Browse every 4th Grade poster, or start from the full catalogue.