Plane WavesThe uniform plane wave: geometry, speed, impedance and what a dielectric does to it.Electrical EngineeringA uniform plane wave has E and H at right angles toeach other and to the direction of travel.v = 1/√(με) · η = √(μ/ε) · λ = v/fFree spacec ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s1/√(μ₀ε₀).Free-space impedanceη₀ ≈ 377 ΩRatio E to H.Relative ε of 4Speed halves√4 = 2.THE COMMON MISTAKEAssuming frequency changes inside a dielectricSpeed and wavelength change, frequency does notFrequency is fixed by the source. Inside a dielectric both speed and wavelengthfall by the square root of relative permittivity.In a lossy medium the wave decays as exp(−αz), E and H drift out ofphase, and the wave impedance becomes complex.Plane Waveslearnposters.com
Plane Waves — printable engineering wall chart from LearnPosters. Free vector PDF, US Letter and A4.

What’s on the Plane Waves poster

The rule, 3 worked examples, and the mistake everyone makes.

In a lossy medium the wave decays as exp(−αz), E and H drift out of phase, and the wave impedance becomes complex.

Questions about the Plane Waves poster

What’s on the Plane Waves poster?
The rule, 3 worked examples, and the mistake everyone makes. A uniform plane wave has E and H at right angles to each other and to the direction o…; v = 1/√(με) · η = √(μ/ε) · λ = v/f; Free space = c ≈ 3 × 10⁸ m/s; Free-space impedance = η₀ ≈ 377 Ω; Relative ε of 4 = Speed halves; Common mistake: Assuming frequency changes inside a dielectric → Speed and wavelength…. In a lossy medium the wave decays as exp(−αz), E and H drift out of phase, and the wave impedance becomes complex.
Who is the Plane Waves poster for?
Plane Waves belongs to the Electrical Engineering section rather than to a school year, because engineering is not something one grade owns. Anyone learning electromagnetics can pin it up — a beginner, a student mid-course, or someone revising years later.
When should you use the Plane Waves poster?
Use it to convert between frequency, wavelength and speed inside any medium. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so Plane Waves belongs on the wall where that engineering work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
What other posters go with Plane Waves?
Poynting Vector, Antenna Fundamentals and Antenna Types sit alongside Plane Waves in the Electrical Engineering section. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.Poynting VectorAntenna FundamentalsAntenna Types
Is the Plane Waves poster free to download and print?
Yes. Plane Waves downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the Electrical Engineering section. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
What size does the Plane Waves poster print at?
Plane Waves is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of Plane Waves loses nothing.Printing guide

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