The Bystander EffectWhy more witnesses means less help, and the five steps that must all be passed.PsychologyLatané and Darley's decision model — failure at any step means no help.1Notice the eventDistraction and hurry prevent this.2Interpret it as an emergencyOthers' calm suggests it is not — pluralistic ignorance.3Assume responsibilityMore witnesses means less personal responsibility.4Know what to doLack of competence stops action.5Decide to actFear of embarrassment or danger.TO GET HELP AS A VICTIMPoint at one specific personDescribe them: 'you in the blue coat'Give a specific instruction: 'call an ambulance'Naming one person removes the diffusion. It is the single most effectivecountermeasure.The Bystander Effectlearnposters.com
The Bystander Effect — printable life science wall chart from LearnPosters. Free vector PDF, US Letter and A4.

The Bystander Effect, step by step

Latané and Darley's decision model — failure at any step means no help.

  1. Notice the eventDistraction and hurry prevent this.
  2. Interpret it as an emergencyOthers' calm suggests it is not — pluralistic ignorance.
  3. Assume responsibilityMore witnesses means less personal responsibility.
  4. Know what to doLack of competence stops action.
  5. Decide to actFear of embarrassment or danger.

To get help as a victim

  • Point at one specific person
  • Describe them: 'you in the blue coat'
  • Give a specific instruction: 'call an ambulance'

Naming one person removes the diffusion. It is the single most effective countermeasure.

Questions about the The Bystander Effect poster

What’s on the The Bystander Effect poster?
5 numbered steps, with a full worked run-through. Latané and Darley's decision model — failure at any step means no help. Notice the event — Distraction and hurry prevent this.; Interpret it as an emergency — Others' calm suggests it is not — pluralistic ignorance.; Assume responsibility — More witnesses means less personal responsibility.; Know what to do — Lack of competence stops action.; Decide to act — Fear of embarrassment or danger.. Naming one person removes the diffusion. It is the single most effective countermeasure.
Who is the The Bystander Effect poster for?
The Bystander Effect belongs to the Psychology section rather than to a school year, because life science is not something one grade owns. Anyone learning social can pin it up — a beginner, a student mid-course, or someone revising years later.
When should you use the The Bystander Effect poster?
Diffusion of responsibility plus pluralistic ignorance. Both scale with group size. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so The Bystander Effect belongs on the wall where that life science work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
What other posters go with The Bystander Effect?
Helping Behaviour, Attitudes & Behaviour and Attribution sit alongside The Bystander Effect in the Psychology section. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.Helping BehaviourAttitudes & BehaviourAttribution
Is the The Bystander Effect poster free to download and print?
Yes. The Bystander Effect downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the Psychology section. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
What size does the The Bystander Effect poster print at?
The Bystander Effect is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of The Bystander Effect loses nothing.Printing guide

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