Figure & GroundWhich shape the eye takes as the subject, and how to control that choice.Art & DesignPerception sorts a field into a figure that has shape and aground that runs behind it. The negative shape is alwaysdoing work, whether or not it was designed.READS AS FIGUREsmaller, enclosedFLIPSone reading at a timeSmaller, enclosed, convex areas read as figure.The ground appears to continue behind the figure.Ambiguous fields flip between the two readings.Rubin's vase, 1915, is the standard demonstration.Only one reading is available at any moment.In a mark, the counter-shape is a design decision.LOOK FOR ITThe white arrow inside the FedEx wordmark is ground that has beengiven a shape on purpose.Design the negative shapes deliberately. Left to chance they are stillthere, and they still carry half the reading.Figure & Groundlearnposters.com
Figure & Ground — printable design wall chart from LearnPosters. Free vector PDF, US Letter and A4.

What’s on the Figure & Ground poster

A definition and 6 facts worth remembering.

Perception sorts a field into a figure that has shape and a ground that runs behind it. The negative shape is always doing work, whether or not it was designed.

Design the negative shapes deliberately. Left to chance they are still there, and they still carry half the reading.

Questions about the Figure & Ground poster

What’s on the Figure & Ground poster?
A definition and 6 facts worth remembering. Perception sorts a field into a figure that has shape and a ground that runs behind it. The negative shape is always doing work, whether or not it was designed. Smaller, enclosed, convex areas read as figure.; The ground appears to continue behind the figure.; Ambiguous fields flip between the two readings.; Rubin's vase, 1915, is the standard demonstration.; Only one reading is available at any moment.; In a mark, the counter-shape is a design decision.; Reads as figure — smaller, enclosed; Flips — one reading at a time; The white arrow inside the FedEx wordmark is ground that has been given a shape on pu…. Design the negative shapes deliberately. Left to chance they are still there, and they still carry half the reading.
Who is the Figure & Ground poster for?
Figure & Ground belongs to the Art & Design section rather than to a school year, because design is not something one grade owns. Anyone learning colour & composition can pin it up — a beginner, a student mid-course, or someone revising years later.
When should you use the Figure & Ground poster?
Use it when a design reads as clutter rather than a clear shape on a field. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so Figure & Ground belongs on the wall where that design work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
What other posters go with Figure & Ground?
Colour Contrast, Additive & Subtractive and Scale & Proportion sit alongside Figure & Ground in the Art & Design section. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.Colour ContrastAdditive & SubtractiveScale & Proportion
Is the Figure & Ground poster free to download and print?
Yes. Figure & Ground downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the Art & Design section. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
What size does the Figure & Ground poster print at?
Figure & Ground is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of Figure & Ground loses nothing.Printing guide

Related posters

Charts that sit alongside Figure & Ground on the same wall.

Browse every Art & Design poster, or start from the full catalogue.